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XML Sitemap Generator


There are two versions of the sitemap generator. One script to use with BASH (Linux/Unix) and one script written in PHP.

Sitemap format: http://www.sitemaps.org/protocol.html

XML Sitemap Generator - BASH
XML Sitemap Generator - PHP


XML Sitemap Generator - BASH


The BASH script is using WGET to download the website. The first script parameter is the website URL. The second parameter is the output file (sitemap file) and is optional. See line 116-123 to exclude links.

Example 1 (output in current directory): sh sitemap.sh https://www.example.com

Example 2: sh sitemap.sh https://www.example.com /var/www/mysite/sitemap.xml


sitemap.xml


Add the XML file to your /robots.txt.

Example line for the robots.txt:

Sitemap: https://www.example.com/sitemap.xml


Download 1.0


Download sitemap.sh - Version 1.0 2020/01/16

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#!/bin/bash

#======================================================
# Simple site crawler to create a search engine XML Sitemap.
# Version: 1.0
# License: GPL v2
# Free to use, without any warranty.
# Written by Elmar Hanlhofer https://www.plop.at
#======================================================
#
# sitemap.sh <URL> [sitemap file]
#
# Example: sh sitemap.sh https://www.example.com /var/www/mysite/sitemap.xml
#
#======================================================

# Init script.
OIFS="$IFS"
IFS=$'\n'

URL="$1"
SITEMAP="$2"

HEADER="Plop XML Sitemap Generator - BASH Script 1.0 2020/01/16 https://www.plop.at"
AGENT="Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; Plop BASH XML Sitemap Generator/1.0)"

echo $HEADER
echo

# Check URL parameter.
if [ "$URL" == "" ]
then

    echo "Error! No URL specified."
    echo "Example: \"sh $0 https://www.example.com\""
    exit 1

fi

# Check sitemap parameter. If none given, use "sitemap.xml".
if [ "$SITEMAP" == "" ]
then

    SITEMAP=sitemap.xml

fi


# Get the scheme, site and domain name.
tmp_http=$(echo $URL | cut -b1-7)
tmp_https=$(echo $URL | cut -b1-8)

if [ "$tmp_http" == "http://" ]
then

    SCHEME=$tmp_http
    SITE=$(echo $URL | cut -b8-)

elif [ "$tmp_https" == "https://" ]
then

    SCHEME=$tmp_https
    SITE=$(echo $URL | cut -b9-)

else

    echo "Error! No scheme. You have to use \"http://\" or \"https://\"."
    echo "  http://$URL"
    echo "or"
    echo "  https://$URL"
    exit 1

fi

DOMAIN=$(echo $SITE | cut -d/ -f1)


# Create temporary directory.
TMP=$(mktemp -d)


# Grab the website.
echo "Downloading \"$URL\" to temporary directory \"$TMP\"..."
WGET_LOG=sitemap-wget.log

wget \
     --recursive \
     --no-clobber \
     --page-requisites \
     --convert-links \
     --restrict-file-names=windows \
     --no-parent \
     --directory-prefix="$TMP" \
     --domains $DOMAIN \
     --user-agent="$AGENT" \
     $URL >& $WGET_LOG

if [ ! -d "$TMP/$SITE" ]
then
    echo
    echo "Error! See \"$WGET_LOG\"."
    echo
    echo "Removing \"$TMP\"."
    rm -rf "$TMP"
    
    exit 1
fi

# Get current directory and store it for later.
curr_dir=$(pwd)


# Go to the temporary directory.
cd "$TMP"

#==============================
# Change this for your needs.
# Example, exclude files from /print and /slide: 
#   files=$(find | grep -i html | grep -v "$SITE/print" | grep -v "$SITE/slide")

files=$(find | grep -i html)

#==============================

# Go back to the previous directory.
cd "$curr_dir"


# Generate the XML file
echo "<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-8\"?>
<!-- Created with $HEADER -->
<!-- Date: $(date +"%Y/%m/%d %H:%M:%S") -->
<urlset xmlns=\"http://www.sitemaps.org/schemas/sitemap/0.9\"
        xmlns:xsi=\"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance\"
        xsi:schemaLocation=\"http://www.sitemaps.org/schemas/sitemap/0.9
        http://www.sitemaps.org/schemas/sitemap/0.9/sitemap.xsd\">" > "$SITEMAP"

echo "  <url>
    <loc>$URL</loc>
    <changefreq>weekly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
  </url>" >> "$SITEMAP"


for i in $files
do

echo "  <url>
    <loc>$SCHEME$(echo $i | cut -b3-)</loc>
    <changefreq>weekly</changefreq>
    <priority>0.5</priority>
  </url>" >> "$SITEMAP"

done

echo "</urlset>" >> "$SITEMAP"


# All done. Remove temporary files.
echo "$SITEMAP created."
echo "Removing \"$TMP\" and \"$WGET_LOG\"."
rm -rf "$TMP"
rm "$WGET_LOG"

echo "Done."



XML Sitemap Generator - PHP


This is a simple and small PHP script that I wrote quickly for myself to create a XML sitemap of my page for Google and other search engines. Maybe others can use the script too.

Plans for 2.5: Sitemap index file for websites with more than 50000 pages or XML files larger than 10 MB. Maybe gzip compression for the sitemap file.

If the PHP script is very slow, then there are problems with the DNS resolution. I have no fix at the moment. Try the BASH Version of the sitemap generator.


The script


The configuration settings are between line 62 and 102. At first, set the SITE variable at line 68 with the URL of your website.
Example: define ("SITE", "https://www.example.com");

The script can be started as CLI script or as website. CLI is the preferred way to start this script.

CLI scripts are started from the command line, can be used with CRON and so on. You start it with the php program.

CLI command to create the XML file: php sitemap-2.4.php

To start the program with your webserver as website change in the script the line 74 from
   define ("CLI", true);
to
   define ("CLI", false);


sitemap.xml


Add the XML file to your /robots.txt.

Example line for the robots.txt:

Sitemap: https://www.example.com/sitemap.xml


Download 2.4


Download sitemap-2.4.php - Version 2.4 2018/02/04

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<?php
/*************************************************************

 Simple site crawler to create a search engine XML Sitemap.
 Version: 2.4
 License: GPL v2
 Free to use, without any warranty.
 Written by Elmar Hanlhofer https://www.plop.at

 ChangeLog:
 ----------
 Version 2.4 2018/02/04 by Elmar Hanlhofer

     * Print configuration settings
     * Because of some confusion I moved the SITE configuration
       check down to the program start
     
 Version 2.3 2018/01/31 by Elmar Hanlhofer

     * Save creation date in sitemap file
     * Stop with error when user did not set the SITE variable
     * Replaced plop.at with example.com 
     * Remove commented text from HTML to avoid scanning 
       commented URLs

 Version 2.2 2017/10/12 by Elmar Hanlhofer
 
     * Cut off page anchor from URL

 Version 2.1 2016/10/07 by Elmar Hanlhofer
 
     * strpos fix (swap arguments) for first anchor - by William
     * First anchor check optimized - by Elmar Hanlhofer

 Version 2.0 2016/08/11 by Elmar Hanlhofer
 
     * Most program parts rewritten
     * Using quotes on define command
     * Supporting single and double quotes in href
     * Notices disabled

 Version 1.0 2015/10/14 by Elmar Hanlhofer
 
     * CLI / Website mode added
     * Multiple extension support added
     * Support for quoted URLs with spaces added
     * Skip mailto links
     * Converting special chars in the URLs for the XML file
     * Added user agent
     * Minor code updates

 Version 0.2 2013/01/16  

     * curl support - by Emanuel Ulses
     * write url, then scan url - by Elmar Hanlhofer

 Version 0.1 2012/02/01 by Elmar Hanlhofer

     * Initital release

*************************************************************/

    // Set the output file name.
    
define ("OUTPUT_FILE""sitemap.xml");
    

    
// Set the start URL. Example: define ("SITE", "https://www.example.com");
    
define ("SITE""");


    
// Set true or false to define how the script is used.
    // true:  As CLI script.
    // false: As Website script.
    
define ("CLI"true);


    
// Define here the URLs to skip. All URLs that start with the defined URL 
    // will be skipped too.
    // Example: "https://www.example.com/print" will also skip
    //   https://www.example.com/print/bootmanager.html
    
$skip_url = array (
                       
SITE "/print",
                       
SITE "/slide",
                      );
    

    
// General information for search engines how often they should crawl the page.
    
define ("FREQUENCY""weekly");
    

    
// General information for search engines. You have to modify the code to set
    // various priority values for different pages. Currently, the default behavior
    // is that all pages have the same priority.
    
define ("PRIORITY""0.5");


    
// When your web server does not send the Content-Type header, then set
    // this to 'true'. But I don't suggest this.
    
define ("IGNORE_EMPTY_CONTENT_TYPE"false);



/*************************************************************
    End of user defined settings.
*************************************************************/


function GetPage ($url)
{
    
$ch curl_init ($url);
    
curl_setopt ($chCURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER1);
    
curl_setopt ($chCURLOPT_USERAGENTAGENT);

    
$data curl_exec($ch);

    
curl_close($ch);

    return 
$data;
}

function 
GetQuotedUrl ($str)
{
    
$quote substr ($str01);
    if ((
$quote != "\"") && ($quote != "'")) // Only process a string 
    
{                                        // starting with singe or
        
return $str;                         // double quotes
    
}                                                 

    
$ret "";
    
$len strlen ($str);    
    for (
$i 1$i $len$i++) // Start with 1 to skip first quote
    
{
        
$ch substr ($str$i1);
        
        if (
$ch == $quote) break; // End quote reached

        
$ret .= $ch;
    }
    
    return 
$ret;
}

function 
GetHREFValue ($anchor)
{
    
$split1  explode ("href="$anchor);
    
$split2 explode (">"$split1[1]);
    
$href_string $split2[0];

    
$first_ch substr ($href_string01);
    if (
$first_ch == "\"" || $first_ch == "'")
    {
        
$url GetQuotedUrl ($href_string);
    }
    else
    {
        
$spaces_split explode (" "$href_string);
        
$url          $spaces_split[0];
    }
    return 
$url;
}

function 
GetEffectiveURL ($url)
{
    
// Create a curl handle
    
$ch curl_init ($url);

    
// Send HTTP request and follow redirections
    
curl_setopt($chCURLOPT_FOLLOWLOCATION1);
    
curl_setopt ($chCURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER1);
    
curl_setopt ($chCURLOPT_USERAGENTAGENT);
    
curl_exec($ch);

    
// Get the last effective URL
    
$effective_url curl_getinfo($chCURLINFO_EFFECTIVE_URL);
    
// ie. "http://example.com/show_location.php?loc=M%C3%BCnchen"

    // Decode the URL, uncoment it an use the variable if needed
    // $effective_url_decoded = curl_unescape($ch, $effective_url);
    // "http://example.com/show_location.php?loc=München"

    // Close the handle
    
curl_close($ch);

    return 
$effective_url;
}

function 
ValidateURL ($url_base$url)
{
    global 
$scanned;
        
    
$parsed_url parse_url ($url);
        
    
$scheme $parsed_url["scheme"];
        
    
// Skip URL if different scheme or not relative URL (skips also mailto)
    
if (($scheme != SITE_SCHEME) && ($scheme != "")) return false;
        
    
$host $parsed_url["host"];
                
    
// Skip URL if different host
    
if (($host != SITE_HOST) && ($host != "")) return false;
    
    
// Check for page anchor in url
    
if ($page_anchor_pos strpos ($url"#"))
    {
        
// Cut off page anchor
        
$url substr ($url0$page_anchor_pos);
    }
        
    if (
$host == "")    // Handle URLs without host value
    
{
        if (
substr ($url01) == '/'// Handle absolute URL
        
{
            
$url SITE_SCHEME "://" SITE_HOST $url;
        }
        else 
// Handle relative URL
        
{
            
$path parse_url ($url_basePHP_URL_PATH);
            
            if (
substr ($path, -1) == '/'// URL is a directory
            
{
                
// Construct full URL
                
$url SITE_SCHEME "://" SITE_HOST $path $url;
            }
            else 
// URL is a file
            
{
                
$dirname dirname ($path);

                
// Add slashes if needed
                
if ($dirname[0] != '/')
                {
                    
$dirname "/$dirname";
                }
    
                if (
substr ($dirname, -1) != '/')
                {
                    
$dirname "$dirname/";
                }

                
// Construct full URL
                
$url SITE_SCHEME "://" SITE_HOST $dirname $url;
            }
        }
    }

    
// Get effective URL, follow redirected URL
    
$url GetEffectiveURL ($url); 

    
// Don't scan when already scanned    
    
if (in_array ($url$scanned)) return false;
    
    return 
$url;
}

// Skip URLs from the $skip_url array
function SkipURL ($url)
{
    global 
$skip_url;

    if (isset (
$skip_url))
    {
        foreach (
$skip_url as $v)
        {           
            if (
substr ($url0strlen ($v)) == $v) return true// Skip this URL
        
}
    }

    return 
false;            
}

function 
Scan ($url)
{
    global 
$scanned$pf;

    
$scanned[] = $url;  // Add URL to scanned array

    
if (SkipURL ($url))
    {
        echo 
"Skip URL $urlNL;
        return 
false;
    }
    
    
// Remove unneeded slashes
    
if (substr ($url, -2) == "//"
    {
        
$url substr ($url0, -2);
    }
    if (
substr ($url, -1) == "/"
    {
        
$url substr ($url0, -1);
    }


    echo 
"Scan $urlNL;

    
$headers get_headers ($url1);

    
// Handle pages not found
    
if (strpos ($headers[0], "404") !== false)
    {
        echo 
"Not found: $urlNL;
        return 
false;
    }

    
// Handle redirected pages
    
if (strpos ($headers[0], "301") !== false)
    {   
        
$url $headers["Location"];     // Continue with new URL
        
echo "Redirected to: $urlNL;
    }
    
// Handle other codes than 200
    
else if (strpos ($headers[0], "200") == false)
    {
        
$url $headers["Location"];
        echo 
"Skip HTTP code $headers[0]$urlNL;
        return 
false;
    }

    
// Get content type
    
if (is_array ($headers["Content-Type"]))
    {
        
$content explode (";"$headers["Content-Type"][0]);
    }
    else
    {
        
$content explode (";"$headers["Content-Type"]);
    }
    
    
$content_type trim (strtolower ($content[0]));
    
    
// Check content type for website
    
if ($content_type != "text/html"
    {
        if (
$content_type == "" && IGNORE_EMPTY_CONTENT_TYPE)
        {
            echo 
"Info: Ignoring empty Content-Type." NL;
        }
        else
        {
            if (
$content_type == "")
            {
                echo 
"Info: Content-Type is not sent by the web server. Change " .
                     
"'IGNORE_EMPTY_CONTENT_TYPE' to 'true' in the sitemap script " .
                     
"to scan those pages too." NL;
            }
            else
            {
                echo 
"Info: $url is not a website: $content[0]NL;
            }
            return 
false;
        }
    }

    
$html GetPage ($url);
    
$html trim ($html);
    if (
$html == "") return true;  // Return on empty page
    
    
$html preg_replace("/(\<\!\-\-.*\-\-\>)/sU"""$html); // Remove commented text
    
$html str_replace ("\r"" "$html);        // Remove newlines
    
$html str_replace ("\n"" "$html);        // Remove newlines
    
$html str_replace ("\t"" "$html);        // Remove tabs
    
$html str_replace ("<A ""<a "$html);     // <A to lowercase

    
$first_anchor strpos ($html"<a ");    // Find first anchor

    
if ($first_anchor === false) return true// Return when no anchor found

    
$html substr ($html$first_anchor);    // Start processing from first anchor

    
$a1   explode ("<a "$html);
    foreach (
$a1 as $next_url)
    {
        
$next_url trim ($next_url);
        
        
// Skip empty array entry
        
if ($next_url == "") continue; 
        
        
// Get the attribute value from href
        
$next_url GetHREFValue ($next_url);
        
        
// Do all skip checks and construct full URL
        
$next_url ValidateURL ($url$next_url);
        
        
// Skip if url is not valid
        
if ($next_url == false) continue;

        if (
Scan ($next_url))
        {
            
// Add URL to sitemap
            
fwrite ($pf"  <url>\n" .
                         
"    <loc>" htmlentities ($next_url) ."</loc>\n" .
                         
"    <changefreq>" FREQUENCY "</changefreq>\n" .
                         
"    <priority>" PRIORITY "</priority>\n" .
                         
"  </url>\n"); 
        }
    }

    return 
true;
}

    
// Program start
    
define ("VERSION""2.4");
    
define ("NL"CLI "\n" "<br>");

    
// Print configuration
    
echo "Plop PHP XML Sitemap Generator Configuration:" NL;
    echo 
"VERSION: " VERSION NL;
    echo 
"OUTPUT_FILE: " OUTPUT_FILE NL;
    echo 
"SITE: " SITE NL;
    echo 
"CLI: " . (CLI "true" "false"). NL;
    echo 
"IGNORE_EMPTY_CONTENT_TYPE: " . (IGNORE_EMPTY_CONTENT_TYPE "true" "false") . NL;
    echo 
"DATE: " date ("Y-m-d H:i:s") . NL;
    echo 
NL;
    
    
// SITE configuration check    
    
if (!SITE)
    {
        die (
"ERROR: You did not set the SITE variable at line number " 
             
"68 with the URL of your website!\n");
    }

    
define ("AGENT""Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; Plop PHP XML Sitemap Generator/" VERSION ")");
    
define ("SITE_SCHEME"parse_url (SITEPHP_URL_SCHEME));
    
define ("SITE_HOST"  parse_url (SITEPHP_URL_HOST));

    
error_reporting (E_ERROR E_WARNING E_PARSE);

    
$pf fopen (OUTPUT_FILE"w");
    if (!
$pf)
    {
        echo 
"ERROR: Cannot create " OUTPUT_FILE "!" NL;
        return;
    }

    
fwrite ($pf"<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-8\"?>\n" .
                 
"<!-- Created with Plop PHP XML Sitemap Generator " VERSION " https://www.plop.at -->\n" .
                 
"<!-- Date: " date ("Y-m-d H:i:s") . " -->\n" .
                 
"<urlset xmlns=\"http://www.sitemaps.org/schemas/sitemap/0.9\"\n" .
                 
"        xmlns:xsi=\"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance\"\n" .
                 
"        xsi:schemaLocation=\"http://www.sitemaps.org/schemas/sitemap/0.9\n" .
                 
"        http://www.sitemaps.org/schemas/sitemap/0.9/sitemap.xsd\">\n" .
                 
"  <url>\n" .
                 
"    <loc>" SITE "/</loc>\n" .
                 
"    <changefreq>" FREQUENCY "</changefreq>\n" .
                 
"  </url>\n");

    echo 
"Scanning..." NL;
    
$scanned = array();
    
Scan (GetEffectiveURL (SITE));
    
    
fwrite ($pf"</urlset>\n");
    
fclose ($pf);

    echo 
"Done." NL;
    echo 
OUTPUT_FILE " created." NL;
?>


Note for version 1.0


When only the first page is scanned, then add a slash at the end of the start url at line 34.

Example: $url = "http://www.example.com/";

Thanks to David Cordovez for that info. This problem is fixed in 2.x.


Old versions


sitemap-2.3.php - Version 2.3 2018/01/31
sitemap-2.2.php - Version 2.2 2017/10/12
sitemap-2.1.php - Version 2.1 2016/10/07
sitemap-2.0.php - Version 2.0 2016/08/11
sitemap-1.0.php - Version 1.0 2015/10/14
sitemap-0.2.php - Version 0.2 2013/01/16
sitemap-0.1.php - Version 0.1 2012/02/01


© 2024 by Elmar Hanlhofer
This page was last modified on 16/Jan/2020.